Review of 2019 and 2020 - Moths: Pyralids (Pyralidae) - part 1: Aphomia to Nephopterix (Bee and Wax Moths and Knot-horns I)

PYRALIDS (PYRALIDAE)


Bee Moth Aphomia sociella - One at home on 21st March 2019 was a whole month earlier than I've ever found this species before.  Otherwise a total of 57 between 16th May and 25th July 2019 and 54 between 8th May and 29th July 2020, which are about average totals here.   Elsewhere 9 at the meadows and one at Bintree Wood.

Bee Moth Aphomia sociella, North Elmham, 21st March 2019

Bee Moth Aphomia sociella, North Elmham Cathedral Meadows, 25th May 2019

Bee Moth Aphomia sociella, North Elmham, 8th May 2020

Lesser Wax Moth Achroia grisella - None.  I've not seen this species locally but there are a few records from the mid Wensum valley area so it may turn up here.


Wax Moth Galleria mellonella - None in 2019 but one in the garden on 23rd July 2020 and then one at the meadows on 8th September.  I've had 6 records here since moving in in 2014, but all in even years.

Wax Moth Galleria mellonella, North Elmham Cathedral Meadows, 8th September 2020

Double-striped Knot-horn Cryptoblabes bistriga - One at Swanton Great Wood on 27th August 2019 and one at Hills and Holes on 21st May 2020.  I've only ever had one in the garden, in 2015.

male Double-striped Knot-horn Cryptoblabes bistriga, Swanton Great Wood, 27th August 2019

Brown Knot-horn Matilella fusca - None.  I've not seen this any closer than Marsham Heath.  The species seems to be pretty widespread in the east of the county but there are no records from the west half of central Norfolk.  Yet.


Brown Powdered Knot-horn Delplanqueia inscriptella - None, my first full years here without recording this spccies (it had been averaging 2 a year).


Rosy-striped Knot-horn Oncocera semirubella - None.  This distinctive species seems to be increasing and becoming established in Norfolk with widespread records, but it hasn't graced my garden yet and nor have I found it anywhere else.  Hopefully it won't be long before I connect.


Heather Knot-horn Pempelia palumbella - None.  Although I've found this species quite easily at several different heathland sites I get the impression it doesn't tend to wander far from heaths and I've never recorded it anywhere else.


Beautiful Knot-horn Rhodophaea formosa - One in the garden trap on 24th June 2019.  Numbers here have ranged from zero (2017 and again in 2020) to 4 (2018).  Also one at Weybourne on 5th July 2019.

Beautiful Knot-horn Rhodophaea formosa, North Elmham, 24th June 2019

New Pine Knot-horn Dioryctria sylvestrella - One in the garden on 22nd July 2019.  I caught this species at home on 3 previous occasions, once in 2015 and twice in 2018.  Elsewhere one at Swanton Great Wood on 27th August 2019.

New Pine Knot-horn Dioryctria sylvestrella, Swanton Great Wood, 27th August 2019

New Pine Knot-horn Dioryctria sylvestrella, North Elmham, 22nd July 2020

Brown Pine Knot-horn Dioryctria simpliciella - None.  I've recorded this species at home twice (2016 and 2018).


Dark Pine Knot-horn Dioryctria abietella - None.  I've recorded this species at home twice too (2014 and 2017).


Dotted Oak Knot-horn Phycita roborella - 2019 was my best year for this species at home with at least 20 (not counted on a couple of nights) between 13th July and 7th August.  That total is as many as I'd recorded here between moving in in August 2014 and the end of 2018.  Not a bad year again in 2020 with 10 between 25th June and 15th August.  Elsewhere one next door, 7 at the meadows and one at Bintree Wood.

Dotted Oak Knot-horn Phycita roborella, North Elmham Cathedral Meadows, 7th July 2019

Dotted Oak Knot-horns Phycita roborella, North Elmham Cathedral Meadows, 18th July 2020

Spindle Knot-horn Nephopterix angustella - One trapped at home on 23rd September 2019 was a new moth for the garden and only my third anywhere but it was followed by 2 more in the garden in 2020, on 1st and 16th August.  This species has increased massively in the last few years.

Spindle Knot-horn Nephopterix angustella, North Elmham, 23rd September 2019

Spindle Knot-horn Nephopterix angustella, North Elmham, 1st August 2020

Next page: more Pyralidae

Frost's Common Take 2

A Mouse Moth was the only new moth for the year on Monday 21st August but there was a reasonable variety of moths: possible Skin Moth Monopis laevigella (lost before confirmed), Blackthorn Slender Parornix torquillella, 2 Garden Midgets Phyllonorycter messaniella, Nut Leaf Blister Moth Phyllonorycter coryli, probable Red Hazel midget Phyllonorycter nicellii (lost before confirmed), 2 Bird-cherry Ermines Yponomeuta evonymella, Woundwort Case-bearer Coleophora lineolea, an exceptionally small Golden-brown Tubic Crassa unitella, 2 Brown House Moths Hofmannophila pseudospretella, 2 Long-horned Flat-bodies Carcina quercana, Dingy Dowd Blastobasis adustella, Light Brown Apple Moth Epiphyas postvittana, 5 Dark-triangle Buttons Acleris laterana, 2 Garden Rose Tortrixes Acleris variegana, Barred Marble Celypha striana, 3 Common Marbles Celypha lacunana, Marbled Piercer Cydia splendana, Pearl Veneer Agriphila straminella, 18 Common Grass-veneers Agriphila tristella, 4 Elbow-stripe Grass-veneers Agriphila geniculea, Marsh Grey Eudonia pallida, Narrow-winged Grey Eudonia angustea, 2 Mother of Pearls Pleuroptya ruralis, Grey Knot-horn Acrobasis advenella, 2 Common Plumes Emmelina monodactyla, Pebble Hook-tip, Blood-vein, Single-dotted Wave, 2 Riband Waves, Garden Carpet, Common Carpet, Common Marbled Carpet, 3 Green Carpets, Sharp-angled Carpet, 3 Currant Pugs, 3 Double-striped Pugs, 11 Brimstone Moths, Dusky Thorn, Common Wave, 4 Light Emeralds, Shuttle-shaped Dart, 4 Flame Shoulders, 3 Large Yellow Underwings, 2 Lesser Broad-bordered Yellow Underwings, 3 Setaceous Hebrew Characters, 3 Six-striped Rustics, Square-spot Rustic, 8 Common Wainscots, Common Rustic, 5 Flounced Rustics, 2 Vine's Rustics, 2 Straw Dots and 3 Snouts.

Mouse Moth, North Elmham, 21st August

Blackthorn Slender Parornix torquillella (male, gen det), North Elmham, 21st August

My second ever Small Silver Sedge Lepidostoma hirtum followed one night after my first.  Other caddisflies were Oxyethira flavicornis, 2 Hydropsyche siltalai, 2 Hydropsyche pellucidula and Medium Sedge Goera pilosa.

Beetles included 2 Trechus quadristriatus, a new species for me.

Trechus quadristriatus, North Elmham, 21st August

Other beetles were 5 Bradycellus verbasci and 2 Aphodius rufipes.  Other insects included the mayfly Pond Olive Cloeon dipterum, the green lacewing Nineta vittata, a female Conwentzia sp. Waxfly, the brown lacewing Micromus variegatus and 9 Forest Bugs (aka Red-legged Shieldbugs).

Nest day a quick look round Wells Wood produced a few insects including my first Plagiognathus arbustorum (a mirid bug) feeeding on Fleabane.

Plagiognathus arbustorum, Wells, 22nd August

Moths included Common Grass-veneer Agriphila tristella and Small Fan-footed Wave.

That night Dave and I headed back to Frost's Common, a site we'd been planning to trap at for a long while.  The Norfolk Moth Survey event there was a wash-out so we thought we'd try again on a better night.  Conditions weren't ideal but we managed 47 species including a few mildly interesting ones: Oak Carl Tischeria ekebladella, 3 Brown Birch Slenders Parornix betulae, 2 Golden Argents Argyresthia goedartella, Bird-cherry Ermine Yponomeuta evonymella, Birch Ermel Swammerdamia caesiella, Chamomile Conch Cochylidia implicitana, Chequered Fruit-tree Tortrix Pandemis corylana, 2 Common Marbles Celypha lacunana, 3 Birch Marbles Apotomis betuletana, Rush Marble Bactra lancealana, Small Birch Bell Epinotia ramella, 2 Pearl Veneers Agriphila straminella, Barred Grass-veneer Agriphila inquinatella, 6 Ground-moss Greys Eudonia truncicolella, 3 Brown China-marks Elophila nymphaeata, 7 Ringed China-marks Parapoynx stratiotata, 3 Small China-marks Cataclysta lemnata, 3 Mother of Pearls Pleuroptya ruralis, Meal Moth Pyralis farinalis (only my second ever), Double-striped Knot-horn Cryptoblabes bistriga, Dotted Oak Knot-horn Phycita roborella, 2 Maiden's Blushes, 3 Common Carpets, Yellow Shell, 2 Purple Bars, 5 Green Carpets, 5 Double-striped Pugs, Yellow-barred Brindle, 5 Brimstone Moths, 2 Common Waves, 3 Light Emeralds, Poplar Hawk-moth, Dingy Footman, 2 Buff Footmen, 3 Common Footmen, Shuttle-shaped Dart, 4 Flame Shoulders, Large Yellow Underwing, Lesser Yellow Underwing, Lesser Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing, Setaceous Hebrew Character, 2 Common Wainscots, Svensson's Copper Underwing, Burnished Brass, Spectacle, 10 Straw Dots and 2 Snouts.

Chamomile Conch Cochylidia implicitana, Frost's Common, 22nd August

Meal Moth Pyralis farinalis, Frost's Common, 22nd August

Double-striped Knot-horn Cryptoblabes bistriga, Frost's Common, 22nd August

The leafhopper Eupteryx urticae was a new species for me.  Other bugs included Birch Shieldbug, 8 Forest Bugs, Lygus pratensis and the leafhopper Allygus mixtus.

Eupteryx urticae, Frost's Common, 22nd August

Allygus mixtus, Frost's Common, 22nd August

Caddisflies included a Molanna angustata and there were 2 Orange Ladybirds.  Other wildlife included 3 Red Deer.

Molanna angustata (male), Frost's Common, 22nd August

We found a newt at each of the lights which I am having some trouble identifying.  They are most likely Smooth Newts - I don't think there are all that many confirmed records of Palmate Newt in Norfolk from what I can glean.  The references I've got and those I've found on the internet seem to focus on adults for identification, some mentioning that immatures require more caution but not elaborating any further. Several references refer to the unspotted throat as a key feature for Palmate Newt but even some of those include photos of Smooth Newts with unspotted throats, so clearly this is not diagnostic!  The upperpart markings appear to be very variable and overlapping between the tweo species as are the spots below and the pattern of orange underneath.  I get the impression, but if someone can confirm that would be great, that the presence or absence of pale tubercles on the bottom of the feet (present on Palmate) is the most reliable feature.  Having had this problem before I recalled that spots on the soles of the feet were relevant and so took photos as I couldn't remember the detail of what to look for.  Sadly my photos aren't perfectly clear (it's quite hard to get a newt to stay still upside down without manhandling it) and there are some pale spots in some images that aren't in others, suggesting that they may be grit or dirt.  At least one of them does seem to have one or two pale spots on the sole in the same place in every photo suggesting it may be a real feature and suggesting that they might be Palmate Newts.  However, I'm not convinced and suspect they are in fact female and/or immature Smooth Newts.  If you are any clearer on these things please do get in touch!

Newts (top two are the same individual, lower two are the other individual), Frost's Common, 22nd August

Thompson Water mothing

Dave and I headed out to Thompson Water for some mothing again on Tuesday 8th August.  Conditions weren't perfect but we thought it worth a go.  There were a few nice moths but nothing espectially remarkable: Long-horned Flat-body Carcina quercana, 20 Birch Marbles Apotomis betuletana, 3 Holly Tortrixes Rhopobota naevana, 4 Wainscot Veneers Chilo phragmitella, 3 Pearl Veneers Agriphila straminella, Ground-moss Grey Eudonia truncicolella, Small Grey Eudonia mercurella, Ringed China-mark Parapoynx stratiotata, 4 Small China-marks Cataclysta lemnata, 6 Mother of Pearls Pleuroptya ruralis, Double-striped Knot-horn Cryptoblabes bistriga, Pebble Hook-tip, 2 Clay Triple-lines, Small Fan-footed Wave, Single-dotted Wave, Small Scallop, 3 Common Carpets, 3 Small Phoenixes, 5 Small Rivulets, Triple-spotted Pug, Currant Pug, Double-striped Pug, Common Wave, Iron Prominent, 15 Black Arches, 6 Dingy Footmen, Flame Shoulder, Antler Moth, 2 Dun-bars, Spectacle, 3 Straw Dots and Snout.

Birch Marble Apotomis betuletana, Thompson Water, 8th August

Ground-moss Grey Eudonia truncicolella, Thompson Water, 8th August

Double-striped Knot-horn Cryptoblabes bistriga, Thompson Water, 8th August

Clay Triple-lines, Thompson Water, 8th August

Triple-spotted Pug, Thompson Water, 8th August

Black Arches, Thompson Water, 8th August - a large female and a small male

We've had Scarce Emerald Damselfly come to light not far away from here before but this time it was the turn of its commoner congener, Emerald Damselfly.

Emerald Damselfly, Thompson Water, 8th August

There were a few beetles and I didn't attempt to identify all of them, though I did retain a few representatives to check which turned out to be 2 Ilybius fuliginosus, Pterostichus niger and Silpha atrata.  Similarly the caddisflies included 2 Agrypnia pagetana and Molanna angustata, the latter only my second and a species I don't get at home.

Molanna angustata, Thompson Water, 8th August

I had less luck identifying leafhoppers - another Kybos sp. was again a female which don't allow full identification but the shape of the projection on the back of the seventh abdominal sternum proved it was a different species to the one I had at home the previous week - this one was either betulicola or smaragdulus.  An Edwardsiana leafhopper was also a species that requires male genitalia to identify it - and this was a female too.

Kybos betulicola or Kybos smaragdulus, Thompson Water, 8th August

Edwardsiana sp., Thompson Water, 8th August

I'm not confident about the ID of this springtail but suspect it's Pogonognathellus longicornis.

probable Pogonognathellus longicornis, Thompson Water, 8th August

At home the hoverfly Eristalis tenax was the first I've noted this year but the moths were quite poor: 2 Common Marbles Celypha lacunana, 2 Pale-streak Grass-veneers Agriphila selasella, 12 Pearl Veneers Agriphila straminella, 9 Common Grass-veneers Agriphila tristella, 3 Mother of Pearls Pleuroptya ruralis, 3 Common Plumes Emmelina monodactyla, Blood-vein, Brimstone Moth, Pale Prominent, 3 Dingy Footmen, 2 Lesser Broad-bordered Yellow Underwings, Setaceous Hebrew Character and 5 Straw Dots.

Eristalis tenax, North Elmham, 8th August

There are often Frogs around the outside of my moth trap, presumably eating the moths that land round the outside (though I've not seen one successfully catch a moth yet).  Now they're getting smarter and hopping up to the top of the moth trap... next they'll be hopping in.

Common Frog, North Elmham, 8th August

Silver Hook and other Surlingham goodies

Church Marsh, Surlingham was the destination for Norfolk Moth Survey's last night-time moth event in 2016 and I was keen to go along to this one, a site I've never visited before.  It was a windier night than we would have liked and it was a little difficult finding a site sufficiently sheltered.  We did the best we could and it turned out to be a thoroughly worthwhile night.

The star of the night was undoubtedly a Silver Hook - a scarce wetland species with its Norfolk stronghold in the Broads.  Perhaps surprisingly though, it has only rarely been recorded in the Yare Valley, and not since 1985, so this was a very pleasing result.

Silver Hook, Church Marsh, Surlingham, 27th August

I was also pleased to see another Broads special, especially after missing one that was recorded by others at the last event at Claxton Manor - my first Reed Smudge Orthotelia sparganella.

Reed Smudge Orthotelia sparganella, Church Marsh, Surlingham, 27th August

A third lifer for me was the tiny Sallow Pigmy Stigmella salicis.  It is sometimes said that these Stigmella are too hard to identify with certainty to record as adults, and that there is no need to anyway as their mines are so easy to find.  Well for no logical reason I like to see adults before counting them, and I like a challenge, so I set about trying to resolve this one using the excellent Kleine Vlinders key.  Where a couplet was in the slightest bit equivocal I followed both options until I reached a dead-end on one, so I'm fairly certain I arrived at the correct ID - and I'm pretty sure there was a lot of its foodplant present too.

Sallow Pigmy Stigmella salicis (female), Church Marsh, Surlingham, 27th August

Other highlights included 2 Meadow-sweet Buttons Acleris shepherdana, Double-striped Knot-horn Cryptoblabes bistriga, 2 Oblique Carpets, Chevron, Vapourer, 4 Garden Tigers, Old Lady, Small Wainscot, 2 Crescents, Twin-spotted Wainscot, 6 Webb's Wainscots, Gold Spot and Pinion-streaked Snout.

Meadow-sweet Button Acleris shepherdana (male, gen det), Church Marsh, Surlingham, 27th August

Double-striped Knot-horn Cryptoblabes bistriga, Church Marsh, Surlingham, 27th August

Oblique Carpet, Church Marsh, Surlingham, 27th August

Chevron, Church Marsh, Surlingham, 27th August

Vapourer, Church Marsh, Surlingham, 27th August

Garden Tiger, Church Marsh, Surlingham, 27th August

Snall Wainscot, Church Marsh, Surlingham, 27th August

Crescent, Church Marsh, Surlingham, 27th August

Although Common Marble Celypha lacunana was suggested as the ID for this moth I don't recall seeing one quite like this so took it home to confirm.  Whoever called it that (Ben I think) was spot on.  There was a normal one too.

Common Marble Celypha lacunana (female, gen det), Church Marsh, Surlingham, 27th August

I was also slightly doubtful about this rather dark Flounced Rustic, although by the time I came to dissect it I had already convinced myself that was what it had to be - and I've seen a couple of similar ones since so perhaps it wasn't so odd after all.

Flounced Rustic (female, gen det), Church Marsh, Surlingham, 27th August

The remainder that I saw were Horse Chestnut Leaf-miner Cameraria ohridella, Common Nettle-tap Anthophila fabriciana, Golden Argent Argyresthia goedartella, Diamond-back Moth Plutella xylostella, 2 Small Clover Case-bearers Coleophora alcyonipennella, Cyclamen Tortrix Clepsis spectrana, Barred Marble Celypha striana, Grey Poplar Bell Epinotia nisella, Marbled Piercer Cydia splendana, Common Grass-veneer Agriphila tristella, Elbow-stripe Grass-veneer Agriphila geniculea, 5 Water Veneers Acentria ephemerella, Marsh Grey Eudonia pallida, 2 Brown China-marks Elophila nymphaeata, Beautiful China-mark Nymphula nitidulata, 5 Small China-marks Cataclysta lemnata, 3 Rusty-dot Pearls Udea ferrugalis, Mother of Pearl Pleuroptya ruralis, Figure of Eighty, Small Dusty Wave, Common Carpet, Yellow Shell, Purple Bar, Green Carpet, Triple-spotted Pug, Currant Pug, Double-striped Pug, Dingy Shell, Clouded Border, Tawny-barred Angle, 2 Brimstone Moths, 2 Dusky Thorns, Common Wave, Light Emerald, Poplar Hawkmoth, Swallow Prominent, Dingy Footman, 2 Flame Shoulders, Large Yellow Underwing, Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing, Lesser Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing, Setaceous Hebrew Character, Six-striped Rustic, Square-spot Rustic, White-point, Southern Wainscot, Copper Underwing, Dark Arches, Lesser Common Rustic, Rosy Rustic, 2 Burnished Brasses, Silver Y, Spectacle, Straw Dot and Snout.


A Scorpion Fly proved to be Parnorpa germanica and although I can't remember what we thought at the time I think this beetle must be Great Silver Water Beetle (though open to contrary suggestions).

Great Silver Water Beetle, Church Marsh, Surlingham, 27th August

Panrorpa germanica (male, examined), Church Marsh, Surlingham, 27th August