Review of 2019 and 2020 - Moths: Noctuids (Noctuidae) part 14: Yellow Underwings and Green Arches

NOCTUIDS (NOCTUIDAE) (continued)


Large Yellow Underwing Noctua pronuba - At least 215 recorded between 15th June and 20th October 2019 (not counted on 9 nights so probably a few more) and 110 between 11th June and 29th September 2020.  The 2020 total was my worst so far and the average annual tally is around 285.  Elsewhere recorded next door twice, 45 at the meadows (over 17 nights) and single-figure counts at Bintree Wood (twice), Whitwell Street, Swanton Great Wood, Weybourne and Row Heath (West Runton), plus 30 in Cornwall.

Large Yellow Underwing, North Elmham Cathedral Meadows, 23rd June 2019

Large Yellow Underwing, North Elmham Cathedral Meadows, 8th September 2020

Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing Noctua fimbriata - Singles in the garden on 16th and 22nd July and 23rd September 2019 and 2nd and 31st July 2020.  I've had between 2 and 5 each year I've lived here.  A few elsewhere including 6 at the meadows (including one on the earlier date of 23rd June 2020), one at Swanton Great Wood, one at Whitwell Street, one at Weybourne and one at Row Heath (West Runton).  I sometimes gen det paler examples of this species, especially during periods of migration, to check for the feasible but not yet British (?) Noctua tirrenica, but no luck yet.

Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing, North Elmham Cathedral Meadows, 23rd June 2020

Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing, North Elmham Cathedral Meadows, 18th July 2020

female Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing, North Elmham, 31st July 2020

Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing, North Elmham Cathedral Meadows, 7th August 2020

Lunar Yellow Underwing Noctua orbona - None.  In Norfolk this species is mostly found in the Brecks and I've not found it locally, but there are records all over the county including some less than a mile away so I should catch one here one day.  One very promising candidate at the meadows in 2019 turned out to be a very small Large Yellow Underwing when I managed to examine its hindwings.


Lesser Yellow Underwing Noctua comes - Totals of 134 in the garden between 23rd June (my earliest ever) and 25th October 2019 and 148 between 2nd July and 18th October 2020 - 150 a year is average.  Elsewhere one next door, 6 at the meadows (over 5 nights), one at Swanton Great Wood, one at Row Heath (West Runton) and 3 in Cornwall.

Lesser Yellow Underwing, North Elmham Cathedral Meadows, 4th August 2019

Least Yellow Underwing Noctua interjecta - 2019 was my best ever year for this not-quite-annual species here with 10 between 22nd July and 6th August, but in 2020 I caught just one, on 7th August.  Also one next door on 7th August 2019.


Lesser Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing Noctua janthe - At least 42 caught in the garden between 23rd July and 4th September, but with 7 nights not counted the actual total may have been a little higher.  If not my worst year ever then nearly so.  A little better in 2020 with 83 between 26th July and 6th September, but still well under the average annual tally of 125.  Elsewhere recorded on all 4 nights next door, 11 at the meadows, 2 at Whitwell Street, 6 at Swanton Great Wood and 3 at Row Heath (West Runton).  Chris Lewis suggests a useful pick feature when looking for candidates for Langmaid's Yellow Underwing, namely that on Langmaid's the underside of the forewing costa (easily viewed with the moth in a pot) is darker proximal to the postmedian line and not usually on Lesser Broad-bordered.  After reading this I checked as many as I could for this feature in 2020 and found quite a few specimens with this character to a lesser or greater extent.  Unfortunately they all proved to be Lesser Broad-bordered, but it could nevertheless be a useful way of narrowing down the field of individuals that need a good look at the fully open wings.

Lesser Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing, North Elmham Cathedral Meadows, 26th July 2019

Lesser Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing, North Elmham, 13th August 2020

Great Brocade Eurois occulta - None.  I've never seen this species but although it's rare in Norfolk records are pretty widespread so there's got to be a chance of finding one here one day.


Double Dart Graphiphora augur - None.  I've only caught this species here in the garden on one occasion, in 2017.


Green Arches Anaplectoides prasina - One caught in Carsaig (Mull) on 12th June 2019; none in 2020.  I've only ever caught one of these superb moths in my garden, in 2016.

Green Arches, Carsaig (Mull), 12th June 2019

Next page: more Noctuidae

New beetle and bugs make up for unremarkable moths

After a decent afternoon at the meadows on 28th May I set the light at home as usual and drew in a selection of moths over the night.  There was nothing very unexpected but the following were new for the year: Crescent Bell Epinotia bilunana, 2 Buff Ermines, Large Yellow Underwing, Mottled Rustic and Marbled White Spot.

Crescnt Bell Epinotia bilunana, North Elmham, 28th May

Buff Ermine, North Elmham, 28th May

Large Yellow Underwing, North Elmham, 28th May

Mottled Rustic, North Elmham, 28th May

Marbled White Spot, North Elmham, 28th May

Other moths trapped that night were Common Mompha Mompha epilobiella, 2 Common Marbles Celypha lacunana, Garden Grass-veneer Chrysoteuchia culmella, Narrow-winged Grey Eudonia angustea, Small Magpie Anania hortulata, 3 Common Swifts, Dark-barred Twin-spot Carpet, Silver-ground Carpet, 3 Green Carpets, Currant Pug, 6 Common Pugs, Brown Silver-line, Brimstone Moth, Pale Oak Beauty, Engrailed, Privet Hawk-moth, 2 Eyed Hawk-moths, 2 White Ermines, 4 Heart and Darts, Flame Shoulder, Shears, 5 Common Wainscots, Rustic Shoulder-knot, 2 Brown Rustics, 5 Treble Lines and Spectacle.

Brown Rustic, North Elmham, 28th May

The following night this Clouded Silver was the only new moth for the garden year-list.

Clouded Silver, North Elmham, 29th May

The other moths were Diamond-back Plutella xylostella, Light Brown Apple-moth Epiphyas postvittana, 2 Garden Grass-veneers Chrysoteuchia culmella, Cream Wave, Silver-ground Carpet, 7 Green Carpets, Mottled Pug, Common Pug, Brimstone Moth, Scalloped Hazel, Poplar Hawk-moth, 2 Elephant Hawk-moths, Lesser Swallow Prominent, Coxcomb Prominent, 3 Pale Tussocks, 3 White Ermines, 2 Buff Ermines, 3 Heart and Darts, Flame Shoulder, 2 Common Wainscots, Rustic Shoulder-knot, Brown Rustic, 3 Treble Lines, Silver Y and 2 Spectacles.

Caddisflies conisted of 7 Limnephilus auricula and, new for the year, 2 Limnephilus lunatus.

Limnephilus lunatus, North Elmham, 29th May

This beetle on the ground near the trap proved to be Nebria brevicollis.  When keying it out on first attempt I misinterpreted the degree of swelling on the mandibles and the length of the palps so keying it to Leistus sp.  The Leistus key led me to Leistus rufomarginatus and the insect certainly looked a lot like the one I'd identified as that a while back (13th May).  But I noticed the size was slightly out and I decided to go back through the genus key and double check, at which point I realised it was Nebria not Leistus.  In hindsight I think I probably made the same mistake with the one on 13th May, and that that was probably Nebria brevicollis too, though I shan't record it as I no longer have the specimen to check.

Nebria brevicollis, North Elmham, 29th May

I found a Treble Brown Spot in the hall the following day, a new one for the year, and a Diamond-back Plutella xylostella in the garden.

Treble Brown Spot, North Elmham, 30th May

In the trap that night were Carrion Moth Monopis weaverella, Black-headed Dwarf Elachista atricomella, Timothy Tortrix Aphelia paleana, Common Grey Scoparia ambigualis, Clouded Border, Marbled Brown and 3 Straw Dots, all new species for the year.

Carrion Moth Monopis weaverella, North Elmham, 30th May

Black-headed Dwarf Elachista atricomella, North Elmham, 30th May

Timothy Tortrix Aphelia paleana, North Elmham, 30th May

Common Grey Scoparia ambigualis, North Elmham, 30th May

Marbled Brown, North Elmham, 30th May

Straw Dot, North Elmham, 30th May

There was a good selection of other moths too: 7 Diamond-backs Plutella xylostella, Black-headed Conch Cochylis atricapitana, 3 Light Brown Apple-moths Epiphyas postvittana, 3 Common Marbles Celypha lacunana, 2 Rush Marbles Bactra lancealana, Triple-blotched Bell Notocelia trimaculana, Garden Grass-veneer Chrysoteuchia culmella, 4 Hook-streak Grass-veneers Crambus lathoniellus, 5 Small Magpies Anania hortulata, 2 Bee Moths Aphomia sociella, Pebble Hook-tip, Chinese Character, 2 Silver-ground Carpets, 2 Mottled Pugs, Currant Pug, 2 Common Pugs, White-pinion Spotted, Poplar Hawk-moth, 2 Pale Tussocks, 2 White Ermines, 4 Buff Ermines, 3 Heart and Darts, Shears, Lychnis, 4 Common Wainscots, 4 Treble Lines and Spectacle.

There was a single beetle in the trap, a new species for me Dasytes aeratus.

Dasytes aeratus, North Elmham, 30th May

There was also a Hydropsyche pellucidula (caddisfly) and 2 Psallus sp. (mirid bugs) which at first I left unidentified.  Thanks to Tristan Bantock I have just accessed an excellent key that enables me to make more progress with these and I have been able to establish that they were different species, one Psallus varians and the other either Psallus perrisi or Psallus wagneri.  Both were females and the perrisi/wagneri pair need male genitalia to resolve to speices level (though I think perrisi is much more likely, and a male caught nearby a few days later was indeed this species).

Pasllus varians, North Elmham, 30th May

Pasllus perrisi or Psallus wagneri, North Elmham, 30th May

Anania fuscalis for the third year

Had a look round Lolly Moor with Dave on Sunday 11th June (I know, I'm falling way behind again... will hopefully start catching up now the summer peak has passed).  For the third year running we had several Cinereous Pearls Anania fuscalis - the only site this species is currently known to occur at in Norfolk.  There was a record from near Attleborough in the mid 90s but our records at Lolly Moor over the last three years are the only others in Norfolk since the 1800s.  I can't believe the species isn't present at other sites - worth checking other damp meadows with Yellow Rattle growing.

We also recorded Large Long-horn Nematopogon swammerdamella, Buff Long-horn Nematopogon metaxella, 3 Common Nettle-taps Anthophila fabriciana, Thistle Conch Aethes cnicana, White-barred Tortrix Olindia schumacherana, 4 Common Marbles Celypha lacunana, probable Thistle Bell Epiblema scutulana (had a pale hindwing but was quite worn so perhaps not safe to go on that feature; cirsiana occurs here as well and has similar genitalia) and 5 Grass Rivulets.

Buff Long-horn Nematopogon metaxella, Lolly Moor, 11th June

Thistle Conch Aethes cnicana, Lolly Moor, 11th June

probable Thistle Bell Epiblema scutulana, Lolly Moor, 11th June

Dave passed me this moth which he'd caught at home (Toftwood) for me to check - it was a Blotched Piercer Pammene albuginana, a species only recorded in Norfolk half a dozen times.

Blotched Piercer Pammene albuginana, Toftwood, 10th June

Moths at home on the night of 11th included Small Grey Eudonia mercurella, Oak Hook-tip, Dark Arches and Beautiful Hook-tip all new for the year.

Small Grey Eudonia mercurella (male, gen det), North Elmham, 11th June

Oak Hook-tip, North Elmham, 11th June

Dark Arches, North Elmham, 11th June

Beautiful Hook-tip, North Elmham, 11th June

Other moths were London Dowd Blastobasis lacticolella, 2 Light Brown Apple Moths Epiphyas postvittana, Large Ivy Tortrix Lozotaenia forsterana, Barred Marble Celypha striana, 9 Common Marbles Celypha lacunana, 2 Triple-blotched Bells Notocelia trimaculana, Garden Grass-veneer Chrysoteuchia culmella, 3 Common Greys Scoparia ambigualis, 4 Small Magpies Anania hortulata, 2 Common Swifts, 2 Currant Pugs, 3 Common Pugs, Clouded Border, 2 Brimstone Moths, 3 Mottled Beauties, Light Emerald, Elephant Hawk-moth, Buff-tip, 10 Buff Ermines, 2 Heart and Darts, Flame, 5 Ingrailed Clays, Small Square-spot, Lychnis, Shoulder-striped Wainscot, Brown Rustic, Marbled Minor, 2 Middle-barred Minors, Uncertain, 3 Mottled Rustics, 4 Straw Dots and Snout.

Other insects in the trap included the caddisfly Limnephilus lunatus and the bug Phylus palliceps which was new for the year.

Phylus palliceps, North Elmham, 11th June

New for the year the following night were Meadow Case-bearer Coleophora mayrella, Large Yellow Underwing, Clay and Smoky Wainscot.

Meadow Case-bearer Coleophora mayrella, North Elmham, 12th June

Large Yellow Underwing, North Elmham, 12th June

Clay, North Elmham, 12th June

Smoky Wainscot, North Elmham, 12th June

Other moths that night were 2 London Dowds Blastobasis lacticolella, Light Brown Apple Moth Epiphyas postvittana, Large Ivy Tortrix Lozotaenia forsterana, Barred Marble Celypha striana, 8 Common Marbles Celypha lacunana, Red Piercer Lathronympha strigana, 5 Garden Grass-veneers Chrysoteuchia culmella, 3 Common Greys Scoparia ambigualis, Little Grey Eudonia lacustrata, 3 Small Magpies Anania hortulata, 2 Bee Moths Aphomia sociella, False Cacao Moth Ephestia unicolorella, Single-dotted Wave, 3 Treble Brown Spots, 2 Riband Waves, 2 Silver-ground Carpets, Barred Straw, Common Pug, Brimstone Moth, Willow Beauty, Common White Wave, Light Emerald, 4 Buff Ermines, 2 Heart and Darts, Flame, 3 Ingrailed Clays, Shoulder-striped Wainscot, 2 Brown Rustics, 2 Dark Arches, Middle-barred Minor, 2 Treble Lines, Uncertain, Rustic, Vine's Rustic, Mottled Rustic, Burnished Brass, 7 Straw Dots and Pinion-streaked Snout.

Other things in the trap inlcuded the brown lacewing Hemerobius humulinus, the caddisfly  Limnephilus lunatus, the beetle Aphodius rufipes and another beetle that was new for me, Adrastus pallens.

Adrastus pallens, North Elmham, 12th June